Within the Soviet time the Republic of Tajikistan has reached the highest peaks in science, education and culture. Illiteracy has been liquidated in the country.
Now almost 2 million pupils of secondary schools, students of the higher and technical schools are involved in education in the republic. The number of educational establishments, students, teachers have increased. If in a year of the creation of Tajik ASSR (1924) there were only 7 schools, 152 pupils and 26 teachers in Tajikistan, then in a year of the establishment of independence (1991) the number of comprehensive schools reached 3179. 1310200 people were trained in them. The numbers of secondary and higher vocational schools increased also. In 1991 in the republic 43 secondary and 13 higher vocational schools were totaled, and 110 thousand pupils and students were trained in them.
In the same year 10 thousand students finished the higher schools and 13.7 thousand - the high vocational schools. The activity of preschool establishments was promoted. Since 1944 141.5 thousand children from 1 to 6 years old from the preschool establishments of the republic have been involved in public education, that is 13.7% of total of children of this age.
During those years the form and the content of education changed. In comprehensive schools most attention was paid to work preparation, and to the vocational education of pupils. Almost all schools had workshops (on woodworker and housekeeping) that had been equipped with special equipment. Training industrial centers, considering the needs of enterprises, have recruited students from the higher classes of school in order to qualify them, and made production on behalf of the basic enterprises using the raw materials that they had.
At rural schools they studied agricultural machinery, and student's brigades on cotton-planting, gardening, viniculture and rabbit breeding were organized. Eight-year education was launched in the republic. The construction of schools and preschool establishments depended on an increase in the children's populations. Materially the technical base of educational institutions was strengthened.
In addition the number of schools increased. The training of six-year old pupils was launched. As a consequence of educational reform the preparation and retraining of pedagogical staff, and the requirements of their qualification became more stringent.
During these years the numbers of higher pedagogical educational institutions and the numbers of students increased. Pedagogical universities in Kurgan-Tube and Khorog started to operate. Preparation of experts on a number of new specialties began in the higher schools.
Hundreds of Tajik young men and girls studied in the educational institutions of Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Kyrghizia. Thousands of experts from the neighboring republics came to Tajikistan for work, and the problem of the continuing provision of experts in schools was almost solved.
Unfortunately, in the first year of the civil war (1992) more than 100 thousand experts left the republic. Among them were the best teachers of secondary, higher and high vocational schools. A number of educational institutions did not have enough competent teachers.
The XVIth Session of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Tajikistan XII convocation played an important role in enhancing the economic, political and cultural life of the country. The Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan accepted by national voting on November 6, 1994 defined the rights of citizens to study: "Everyone has the right to study, for free participation in the cultural life of society. General education is compulsory. The state guarantees general basic free education in the state educational institutions". Everyone in the frameworks determined by the Law can receive free comprehensive, primary, professional, high professional and higher vocational education in the state educational institutions.
One of the first laws that was accepted by the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) was the Law of RT "About Education". It constituted all aspects of education in the Republic of Tajikistan in terms of the sovereign, democratic, legal, secular, unitary state.
Now almost 2 million pupils of secondary schools, students of the higher and technical schools are involved in education in the republic. The number of educational establishments, students, teachers have increased. If in a year of the creation of Tajik ASSR (1924) there were only 7 schools, 152 pupils and 26 teachers in Tajikistan, then in a year of the establishment of independence (1991) the number of comprehensive schools reached 3179. 1310200 people were trained in them. The numbers of secondary and higher vocational schools increased also. In 1991 in the republic 43 secondary and 13 higher vocational schools were totaled, and 110 thousand pupils and students were trained in them.
In the same year 10 thousand students finished the higher schools and 13.7 thousand - the high vocational schools. The activity of preschool establishments was promoted. Since 1944 141.5 thousand children from 1 to 6 years old from the preschool establishments of the republic have been involved in public education, that is 13.7% of total of children of this age.
During those years the form and the content of education changed. In comprehensive schools most attention was paid to work preparation, and to the vocational education of pupils. Almost all schools had workshops (on woodworker and housekeeping) that had been equipped with special equipment. Training industrial centers, considering the needs of enterprises, have recruited students from the higher classes of school in order to qualify them, and made production on behalf of the basic enterprises using the raw materials that they had.
At rural schools they studied agricultural machinery, and student's brigades on cotton-planting, gardening, viniculture and rabbit breeding were organized. Eight-year education was launched in the republic. The construction of schools and preschool establishments depended on an increase in the children's populations. Materially the technical base of educational institutions was strengthened.
In addition the number of schools increased. The training of six-year old pupils was launched. As a consequence of educational reform the preparation and retraining of pedagogical staff, and the requirements of their qualification became more stringent.
During these years the numbers of higher pedagogical educational institutions and the numbers of students increased. Pedagogical universities in Kurgan-Tube and Khorog started to operate. Preparation of experts on a number of new specialties began in the higher schools.
Hundreds of Tajik young men and girls studied in the educational institutions of Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan and Kyrghizia. Thousands of experts from the neighboring republics came to Tajikistan for work, and the problem of the continuing provision of experts in schools was almost solved.
Unfortunately, in the first year of the civil war (1992) more than 100 thousand experts left the republic. Among them were the best teachers of secondary, higher and high vocational schools. A number of educational institutions did not have enough competent teachers.
The XVIth Session of the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Tajikistan XII convocation played an important role in enhancing the economic, political and cultural life of the country. The Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan accepted by national voting on November 6, 1994 defined the rights of citizens to study: "Everyone has the right to study, for free participation in the cultural life of society. General education is compulsory. The state guarantees general basic free education in the state educational institutions". Everyone in the frameworks determined by the Law can receive free comprehensive, primary, professional, high professional and higher vocational education in the state educational institutions.
One of the first laws that was accepted by the Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) was the Law of RT "About Education". It constituted all aspects of education in the Republic of Tajikistan in terms of the sovereign, democratic, legal, secular, unitary state.